不同性别青年胃癌患者的临床病理特点分析

目的探讨不同性别青年胃癌患者的临床病理特点。方法回顾性分析78例不同性别住院青年胃癌患者的临床病理特点。结果不同性别青年胃癌患者临床表现、肿瘤部位、分型、TNM分期、生存率差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05),组织学类型中高中分化腺癌和低分化腺癌差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论不同性别青年胃癌患者共同特点为临床表现缺乏特异性,多发生于胃体和胃窦部,分型以浸润溃疡型和弥漫浸润型为主,TNM分期以Ⅲ～Ⅳ期多见,长期生存率低;不同点为青年胃癌患者女性更多见,平均发病年龄偏小,病理类型男性以高中分化腺癌和低分化腺癌多见,女性以低分化腺癌为主。     

数据缺失机制对逐步回归变量筛选的影响

目的 评价各种数据缺失机制对逐步回归变量筛选结果的影响.方法 通过模拟产生不同缺失机制和缺失类型的数据,用筛选到的真实变量的个数和损失函数大小作为指标,评价其对逐步同归的影响.结果 完整数据情况下的筛选表现优于各缺失机制卜表现；缺失类型比缺失机制对筛选结果的影响更为明显.结论用逐步回归对含缺失值的数据进行变量筛选时,需要关注缺失机制和缺失类型.     

携带GJB2基因突变中老年人的听力学特点分析

目的 对中老年人进行GJB2基因突变筛查,探讨携带不同GJB2基因突变的中老年人的听力情况.方法 收集648例中老年人的听力学资料和血样,提取基因组DNA,经聚合酶链反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)扩增GJB2基因编码区,利用直接测序方法获得基因型,并应用统计学分析方法研究携带GJB2基因突变的中老年人在不同听力组间的分布情况及携带不同GJB2基因突变中老年人的听力情况.结果 根据听力学资料,将所有中老年人分为四组:正常对照组(A组,157人,24.23%)、轻度听力下降组(B组,199人,30.71%)、中度听力下降组(C组,226人,34.88%)、重度听力下降组(D组,66人,10.19%);通过直接测序的方法,共发现22例分别携带4种移码突变,包括235delC杂合突变(16例,2.78%)、299-300delAT杂合突变(3例,0.46%)、176-191del16杂合突变(1例,0.15%)、512insAACG杂合突变(2例,0.31%);所有突变携带者在不同组间的分布情况为:正常对照组3人(13.64%)、轻度听力下降组6人(27.27%)、中度听力下降组8人(36.36%)、重度听力下降组5人(占22.73%);对四种突变携带者的听力学情况进行分析,176-191del16突变携带者的听力下降程度最轻,而512insAACG突变携带者的听力下降程度最重,经统计学分析, 左耳0.25 kHz频率的平均听阈值在各种突变携带者间的差异具有统计学意义(P=0.03).结论 与整体中老年人群相比,携带GJB2 基因突变的中老年人在中度听力下降组和重度听力下降组间所占的比例增高;各种突变携带者听力下降程度不同.     

α-Adrenoceptor agonists for the treatment of vasovagal syncope: a meta-analysis of worldwide published data

Aim:  The present study was aimed at evaluating present randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the effect of α-adrenoceptor agonists on vasovagal syncope (VVS).
Methods:  According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, articles were selected from medical electronic databases. RCTs were then assessed based on the Juni assessment, and meta-analysis was completed using the Review Manager 4.2 software. Indication to further evaluate effects was the recurrence of syncope during follow-up treatment or a response in the head-up tilt test (HUT) after treatment. The results were stated as odd ratio (OR), with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and a
p <  0.05 significant level.
Results:  In total, six RCTs were selected. Funnel plot analysis showed possible publication bias. Meta-analysis of the six RCTs, including all 165 patients in the treatment group and 164 patients in the control group, indicated that α-adrenoceptor agonists were more effective than placebos in treating VVS (OR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.06–0.77, p = 0.02). The further, weighted independent t- test disclosed that the weighted mean percentage of responders for midodrine (76.3%± 7.7%) was significantly higher than that for etilefrine (65.5%± 15.4%) ( t = 5.863, p  <  0.001).
Conclusion:  The currently published RCTs support that α-adrenoceptor agonists might be effective for VVS. Midodrine can be regarded as a better choice compared with etilefrine.     

病案缺陷质量分析

目的对病案缺项问题进行分析并提出解决方案,保证病案的完整性。方法对2010年1578份缺项病案进行分类、统计和分析。结果病案书写打印不及时、科室缺乏有效管理、对病案质量重要性认识不足、医护人员工作量大等因素是造成病案缺项的主要原因。结论医院信息系统的整合,合理配置医疗资源,提高医生对病案质量重要性认识,加快电子病历试点工作的完成,才能减少甚至消除病案质量的缺项问题,全面提高病案质量。     

A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of active versus passive atrial lead fixation in Chinese patients with cardiac implantable electrical devices: a long term,retrospective, observational,single-center study

Background: Data comparing active atrial lead fixation with passive atrial lead fixation in Chinese patients with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) for atrial pacing is limited. Our study evaluated the effectiveness of active fixation versus passive fixation of atrial leads by observing the lead performance parameters.

Methods: This retrospective, long-term, single-center study included a cohort of Chinese patients who underwent CIED implantation at the Department of Cardiology of People’s Hospital of Yuxi City, China, from 1 March 2010 to 1 March 2015. Efficacy was determined by comparing implantation time, threshold values, incidence of lead dislocation/failure, and lead-related complications between the two groups.

Results: Of the 1217 patients, active and passive atrial lead fixation were performed in 530 (mean age, 69.37?±?11.44 years) and 497 (mean age, 68.33?±?10.96 years). The active fixation group reported significantly lower mean atrial implantation times (P?=?.0001) and threshold values (P?=?.044) compared with the passive atrial lead fixation group. In addition, threshold values in the active atrial lead fixation group were stable throughout the observation period. No instances of myocardial perforation, cardiac tamponade, implantation failure, or electrode dislocation/re-fixation were reported in the active atrial lead fixation group. A favorable decrease in patient comfort parameters such as bed rest time (P?=?.027) and duration of hospital stay (P?=?.038) were also observed in the active lead fixation group.

Conclusion: Active atrial lead fixation demonstrated greater stability, steady long-term thresholds and minimal lead-related complications compared to passive lead fixation in Chinese patients with CIEDs.